The operations manual referred to in paragraph 1 shall contain at the least the following-
2.1.1 Instructions outlining the responsibilities of operations personnel pertaining to the conduct of flight operations.
2.1.2 Information and policy relating to fatigue management including-
(a)
policies pertaining to flight time, flight duty period, duty period limitations and rest requirements for flight and cabin crew members in accordance with the Civil Aviation (Fatigue Management) Regulations, 2022; and
(b)
where applicable, policy and documentation pertaining to the Operator's Fatigue Risk Management System, (FRMS).
2.1.3 A list of the navigational equipment to be carried, including any requirements relating to operations where performance-based navigation is prescribed.
2.1.4 Where relevant to the operations, the long-range navigation procedures, engine failure procedure for EDTO and the nomination and utilisation of diversion aerodromes.
2.1.5 The circumstances in which a radio listening watch is to be maintained.
2.1.6 The method for determining minimum flight altitudes.
2.1.7 The methods for determining aerodrome operating minima.
2.1.8 Safety precautions during refueling with passengers on board.
2.1.9 Ground handling arrangements and procedures.
2.1.10 Procedures, as prescribed in the Civil Aviation (Aeronautical Search and Rescue) Regulations, 2020, for pilots-in-command observing an accident.
2.1.11 The flight crew for each type of operation including the designation of the succession of command.
2.1.12 Specific instructions for the computation of the quantities of fuel and oil to be carried, taking into account all circumstances of the operation, including the possibility of loss of pressurisation and the failure of one or more engines while en-route.
2.1.13 The conditions under which oxygen shall be used and the amount of oxygen determined in accordance with the Civil Aviation (Operation of Aircraft-Commercial Air Transport Aeroplanes) Regulations, 2022.
2.1.14 Instructions for mass and balance control.
2.1.15 Instructions for the conduct and control of ground de-icing/anti- icing operations.
2.1.16 The specifications for the operational flight plan.
2.1.17 Standard operating procedures (SOPs) for each phase of flight.
2.1.18 Instructions on the use of normal checklists and the timing of their use.
2.1.19 Departure contingency procedures.
2.1.20 Instructions on the maintenance of altitude awareness and the use of automated or flight crew altitude call-out.
2.1.21 Instructions on the use of autopilots and auto-throttles in IMC.
Note.- Instructions on the use of autopilots and auto-throttles, together with limitation on high rates of descent near the surface and instructions and training requirements for the avoidance of controlled flight into terrain and policy for the use of the Ground Proximity Warning System (GPWS) are essential for avoidance of approach and landing accidents and controlled flight into terrain accidents.
2.1.22 Instructions on the clarification and acceptance of ATC clearances, particularly where terrain clearance is involved.
2.1.23 Departure and approach briefings.
2.1.24 Procedures for familiarisation with areas, routes and aerodromes.
2.1.25 Stabilised approach procedure.
2.1.26 Limitation on high rates of descent near the surface.
2.1.27 Conditions required to commence or to continue an instrument approach.
2.1.28 Instructions for the conduct of precision and non-precision instrument approach procedures. 2.1.29 Allocation of flight crew duties and procedures for the management of crew workload during night and IMC instrument approach operations. 2.1.30 Instructions and training requirements for the avoidance of controlled flight into terrain and policy for the use of the Ground Proximity Warning System (GPWS).
2.1.31 Policy, instructions, procedures and training requirements for the avoidance of collisions and the use of the Airborne Collision Avoidance System (ACAS).
Note.- Procedures for the operation of ACAS are contained in PANS-OPS (Doc 8168), Volume I, and in PANS-ATM (Doc 4444), Chapters 12 and 15.
2.1.32 Information and instructions relating to the interception of civil aircraft including- (a) procedures, as prescribed in the Civil Aviation (Rules of the Air) Regulations, 2020 for pilots-in-command of intercepted aircraft; and (b) visual signals for use by intercepting and intercepted aircraft, as contained in Annex 2.
2.1.33 For aeroplanes intended to be operated above 15 000 m (49 000 ft):
(a)
information which will enable the pilot to determine the best course of action to take in the event of exposure to solar cosmic radiation; and
(b)
procedures in the event that a decision to descend is taken, covering-
(i)
the necessity of giving the appropriate ATS unit prior warning of the situation and of obtaining a provisional descent clearance; and
(ii)
the action to be taken in the event that communication with the ATS unit cannot be established or is interrupted.
Note.- Guidance material on the information to be provided is contained in ICAO Circular 126 - Guidance Material on SST Aircraft Operations.
2.1.34 Details of the safety management system (SMS) provided in accordance with the Civil Aviation (Safety Management) Regulations, 2022.
2.1.35 Information and instructions on the carriage of dangerous goods, in accordance with dangerous goods technical instructions, including action to be taken in the event of an emergency.
Note.- Guidance material on the development of policies and procedures for dealing with dangerous goods incidents on board aircraft is contained in Emergency Response Guidance for Aircraft Incidents Involving Dangerous Goods (Doc 9481).
2.1.36 Security instructions and guidance. 2.1.37 The search procedure checklist provided in accordance with regulation 77.
2.1.38 Instructions and training requirements for the use of head-up displays (HUD) and enhanced vision systems (EVS) equipment as applicable. 2.1.39 Instructions and training requirements for the use of the EFB, as applicable.
2.2 Aircraft operating information
2.2.1 Certification limitations and operating limitations. 2.2.2 The normal, abnormal and emergency procedures to be used by the flight crew and the checklists relating thereto as required by regulation 34.
2.2.3 Operating instructions and information on climb performance with all engines operating, if provided in accordance with the Civil Aviation (Operation of Aircraft-Commercial Air Transport Aeroplanes) Regulations, 2022.
2.2.4 Flight planning data for pre-flight and in-flight planning with different thrust/power and speed settings.
2.2.5 The maximum crosswind and tailwind components for each aeroplane type operated and the reductions to be applied to these values having regard to gusts, low visibility, runway surface conditions, crew experience, use of autopilot, abnormal or emergency circumstances, or any other relevant operational factors.
2.2.6 Instructions and data for mass and balance calculations.
2.2.7 Instructions for aircraft loading and securing of load.
2.2.8 Aircraft systems, associated controls and instructions for their use, as required by regulation 35.
2.2.9 The minimum equipment list and configuration deviation list for the aeroplane types operated and specific operations authorised, including any requirements relating to operations where performance-based navigation is prescribed.
2.2.10 Checklist of emergency and safety equipment and instructions for its use.
2.2.11 Emergency evacuation procedures, including type-specific procedures, crew coordination, assignment of crew's emergency positions and the emergency duties assigned to each crew member.
2.2.12 The normal, abnormal and emergency procedures to be used by the cabin crew, the checklists relating thereto and aircraft systems information as required, including a statement related to the necessary procedures for the coordination between flight and cabin crew.
2.2.13 Survival and emergency equipment for different routes and the necessary procedures to verify its normal functioning before take- off, including procedures to determine the required amount of oxygen and the quantity available.
2.2.14 The ground-air visual signal code for use by survivors, as contained in the Civil Aviation (Aeronautical Search and Rescue) Regulations, 2020.
2.3 Routes and aerodromes
2.3.1 A route guide to ensure that the flight crew will have, for each flight, information relating to communication facilities, navigation aids, aerodromes, instrument approaches, instrument arrivals and instrument departures as applicable for the operation and such other information as the operator may deem necessary for the proper conduct of flight operations.
2.3.2 The minimum flight altitudes for each route to be flown.
2.3.3 Aerodrome operating minima for each of the aerodromes that are likely to be used as aerodromes of intended landing or as alternate aerodromes.
2.3.4 The increase of aerodrome operating minima in case of degradation of approach or aerodrome facilities.
2.3.5 Instructions for determining aerodrome operating minima for instrument approaches using HUD and EVS.
2.3.6 The necessary information for compliance with all flight profiles required by regulations, including, the determination of:
(a)
take-off runway length requirements for dry, wet and contaminated conditions, including those dictated by system failures which affect the take-off distance;
(b)
take-off climb limitations;
(c)
en-route climb limitations;
(d)
approach climb limitations and landing climb limitations;
(e)
landing runway length requirements for dry, wet and contaminated conditions, including systems failures which affect the landing distance; and
(f)
supplementary information, such as tire speed limitations.
2.4.1 Details of the flight crew training programme.
2.4.2 Details of the cabin crew duties training programme.
2.4.3 Details of the flight operations officer or flight dispatcher training programme when employed in conjunction with a method of flight supervision.
AIRCRAFT OPERATING MANUAL Regulation 37(3)
An aircraft operating manual shall contain at least the following-
1.0 General information and units of measurement 1.1 General Information (e.g. aircraft dimensions), including a description of the units of measurement used for the operation of the aircraft type concerned and conversion tables.
2.0 Limitations 2.1 Certification and operational limitations A description of the certified limitations and the applicable operational limitations including- (a) certification status; (b) an approved-passenger seating configuration for each aircraft type including a pictorial presentation; (c) types of operation that are approved (e.g. IFR/VFR, CAT II/III, flights in known icing conditions etc.); (d) crew composition; (e) operating within mass and centre of gravity limitations; (f) speed limitations; (g) flight envelopes; (h) wind limits, including operations on contaminated runways; (i) performance limitations for applicable configurations; (j) runway slope; (k) limitations on wet or contaminated runways; (l) airframe contamination; and (m) post landing.
3.0 Operating procedures 3.1 Normal procedures The normal procedures and duties assigned to the crew, the appropriate checklists, the system for use of the checklists and a statement covering the necessary co-ordination procedures between flight and cabin crew. The following normal procedures and duties shall be included- (a) pre-flight; (b) pre-departure and loading; (c) altimeter setting and checking; (d) taxi, take-off and climb; (e) noise abatement; (f) cruise and descent; (g) approach, landing preparation and briefing; (h) VFR approach; (i) instrument approach; (j) visual approach and circling: (k) missed approach; (l) normal landing; (m) post landing; and (n) operation on wet and contaminated runways.
3.2 Specific cockpit procedures (a) Determining airworthiness of aircraft; (b) Obtaining flight release; (c) Initial cockpit preparation; (d) Standard operating procedures; (e) Cockpit discipline;
(f)
Standard call-outs; (g) Communications; (h) Flight safety; (i) Push-back and towing procedures; (j) Taxi guidelines and ramp signals; (k) Take-off and climb out procedures; (l) Choice of runway; (m) Take-off in limited visibility; (n) Take-off in adverse weather; (o) Use and limitations of weather radar; (p) Use of landing lights; (q) Monitoring of flight instruments; (r) Power settings for take-off; (s) Malfunctions during take-off; (t) Rejected take-off decision; (u) Climb, best angle, best rate; (v) Sterile cockpit procedures; (w) En route and holding procedures; (x) Cruise control; (y) Navigation log book; (z) Descent, approach and landing procedures; (aa) Standard call-outs; (bb) Reporting maintenance problems; (cc) How to obtain maintenance and service en route.
3.3 Abnormal and emergency procedures The manual shall contain a listing of abnormal and emergency procedures assigned to crew members with appropriate check-lists that include a system for use of the check-lists and a statement covering the necessary co-ordination procedures between flight and cabin crew. The following abnormal and emergency procedures and duties shall be included- (a) crew incapacitation; (b) fire and smoke drills; (c) unpressurised and partially pressurised flight; (d) exceeding structural limits such as overweight landing; (e) exceeding cosmic radiation limits; (f) lightning strikes; (g) distress communications and alerting ATC to emergencies;
(j)
guidance for diversion in case of serious technical failure;
(k)
ground proximity warning;
(n)
emergency landing/ditching;
(p)
fuel jettisoning and overweight landing-
(i)
general considerations and policy; (ii) fuel jettisoning procedures and precautions;
(q)
emergency procedures- (i) emergency decent; (ii) low fuel; (iii) dangerous goods incident or accident; (r) interception procedures; (s) emergency signal for cabin attendants; and (t) communication procedures. 4.0 Performance data
4.1 Performance data shall be provided in a form in which it can be used without difficulty.
4.2 Performance material which provides the necessary data to allow the flight crew to comply with the approved aircraft flight manual performance requirements shall be included to allow the determination of-
(a)
take-off climb limits - mass, altitude, temperature;
(b)
take-off field length (dry, wet, contaminated);
(c)
net flight path data for obstacle clearance calculation or, where applicable, take-off flight path;
(d)
gradient losses for banked climb outs;
(e)
en route climb limits;
(f)
approach climb limits;
(g)
landing climb limits;
(h)
landing field length (dry, wet, contaminated) including the effects of an inflight failure of a system or device, if it affects the landing distance;
(i)
brake energy limits; and
(j)
speeds applicable for the various flight stages (also considering wet or contaminated runways).
4.3 Supplementary performance data
Supplementary data covering flights in icing conditions. Any certified performance related to an allowable configuration, or configuration deviation, such as anti-skid inoperative, shall be included.
4.4 Other acceptable performance data
If performance data, as required for the appropriate performance class, is not available in the approved AFM, then other data acceptable to the authority shall be included. Alternatively, the operations manual may contain crossreference to the approved data contained in the AFM where such data is not likely to be used often or in an emergency.
4.5 Additional performance data
Additional performance data where applicable including- (a) all engine climb gradients; (b) radio listening watch; (c) drift-down data; (d) effect of de-icing/anti-icing fluids; (e) flight with landing gear down; (f) for aircraft with three or more engines, one engine inoperative ferry flights; and (g) flights conducted under the provisions of a configuration deviation list (CDL).
Data and instructions necessary for pre-flight and inflight planning including factors such as speed schedules and power settings. Where applicable, procedures for engine(s) out operations, ETOPS and flights to isolated airports shall be included.
5.2 Fuel calculations The method for calculating fuel needed for the various stages of flight.
6.1 Calculating mass and balance Instructions and data for the calculation of mass and balance including- (a) calculation system (e.g. Index system); (b) information and instructions for completion of mass and balance documentation, including manual and computer generated types; (c) limiting mass and centre of gravity of the various versions; and (d) dry operating mass and corresponding centre of gravity or index.
7.1 Loading procedures Procedures and provisions for loading and securing the load in the aircraft.
7.2 Loading dangerous goods The operations manual shall contain a method to notify the PIC when dangerous goods are loaded in the aircraft.
8.0 Survival and emergency equipment including oxygen
8.1 List of survival equipment to be carried A list of the survival equipment to be carried for the routes to be flown and the procedures for checking the serviceability of the equipment prior to takeoff. Instructions regarding the location, accessibility and use of survival and emergency equipment and its associated check list(s) shall also be included.
8.2 Oxygen usage The procedure for determining the amount of oxygen required and the quantity that is available. The flight profile, number of occupants and possible cabin decompression shall be considered. The information provided shall be in a form in which it can be used without difficulty.
8.3 Emergency equipment usage A description of the proper use of the following emergency equipment- (a) life jackets;
(c)
medical kits/first aid kits;
(e)
emergency locator transmitter (ELT);
(f)
visual signaling devices;
(g)
evacuation slides; and
9.0 Emergency evacuation procedures
9.1 Instructions for emergency evacuation Instructions for preparation for emergency evacuation including, crew coordination and emergency station assignment.
9.2 Emergency evacuation procedures A description of the duties of all members of the crew for the rapid evacuation of an aircraft and the handling of the passengers in the event of a forced landing, ditching or other emergency.
10.0 Aircraft systems A description of the aircraft systems, related controls and indications and operating instructions.
11.0 Route and airport instructions and information (optional for this manual)
11.1 Instructions and information Instructions and information relating to communications, navigation and airports including minimum flight levels and altitudes for each route to be flown and operating minima for each airport planned to be used, including-
(a)
minimum flight level/altitude;
(b)
operating minima for departure, destination and alternate airports;
(c)
communication facilities and navigation aids;
(d)
runway data and airport facilities;
(e)
approach, missed approach and departure procedures including noise abatement procedures;
(f)
communications-failure procedures;
(g)
search and rescue facilities in the area over which the aircraft is to be flown;
(h)
a description of the aeronautical charts that shall be carried on board in relation to the type of flight and the route to be flown, including the method to check their validity;
(i)
availability of aeronautical information and MET services;
(j)
en-route COM/NAV procedures, including holding; and
(k)
airport categorisation for flight crew competence qualification.
SCHEDULE 5 CABIN CREW MEMBER MANUAL Regulation 49 1.0 General 1.1 Manual record of revision sheet and effective list of pages 1.2 How to use the manual 1.3 Where to obtain revisions 1.4 How to revise the manual 1.5 Cabin crew members' responsibilities regarding the manual 2.0 Organisation 2.1 Duties and responsibilities of each airline employee 2.2 Focal points for all company procedural and training manuals 3.0 Government regulations and requirements and related company policies 3.1 Routine/normal operating procedures 4.0 Passenger handling 4.1 Handicapped and disabled passengers 4.2 Interference 4.3 Current security procedures 4.4 Carriage of assist animals versus carriage of pets (company policy)
5.0 General emergency procedures 5.1 Decompression 5.2 Procedures for planned and unplanned evacuation on land and in water- (a) cabin preparation; (b) securing of cabin and galley; (c) review of passenger safety procedures and survival equipment; (d) brace positions; (e) able-bodied passenger briefing and procedures; 5.3 Brace Positions for Passengers and Crew- (a) forward and aft seats; (b) high and low density seating; Categories of staff Aspects of transport of dangerous goods 13 14 15 16 17 by air with which
5.4 Abnormal procedures (a) Engine torching; (b) Passenger initiation of evacuation; (c) Passenger reporting of unsafe conditions of aircraft or other passengers;
5.5 Turbulence 6.0 First aid 6.1 Illness and Injuries 6.2 Symptoms 6.3 Immediate Treatment 6.4 Universal Precautions 6.5 Blood borne Pathogens 6.6 Use of Medical Equipment and First Aid Equipment
7.0 Aircraft specific sections (This should include one section for each type of aircraft to include differences within the same type of aircraft).
7.1 Description of Particular Aircraft from Nose to Tail (a) Description (b) Operation (c) Pre-flight of all equipment, including passenger convenience item through emergency equipment, stowage areas and placarding.
7.2 Reporting Procedures of Inoperative Equipment and Emergencies Procedures Specific to Each Aircraft Type
8.0 International rules/regulations/paperwork
Categories of staff Aspects of transport of dangerous goods by air with which 13 14 15 16 17 they should be familiar, as a minimum
General philosophy X X X X X
Labelling and marking X X X X X
Dangerous goods transport document and other X relevant documentation
Recognition of undeclared dangerous goods X X X X X
Provisions for passengers and crew X X X X X
Emergency procedures X X X X X Note: 'X' indicates an area to be covered.
13 -Operators and ground handling agents staff accepting cargo or mail (other than dangerous goods). 14 - Operators and ground handling agents staff involved in the handling, storage and loading of cargo or mail and ( other than dangerous goods) and baggage. 15 -Passenger-handling staff. 16 - Flight crew members, loadmasters, load planners and flight operations officers/flight dispatchers. 17 - Crew members (other than flight crew members).
Shippers, Operators and Security and packers Freight forwarders ground handling agents staff Categories of staff
Aspects of transport of dangerous be familiar, as a 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 minimum General philosophy x x x x x x x x x x x x Limitations x x x x x x x x x x x General requirements for x x x shippers Classification x x x x x List of dangerous goods x x x x x
Packing requirements x x x x Labelling and marking x x x x x x x x x x x x Dangerous goods transport document and other relevant x x x x x documentation Acceptance procedures x Recognition of undeclared dangerous goods x x x x x x x x x x x x
Storage and loading procedures x x x x
Pilots' notification x x x Provisions for passengers and x x x x x x x x x x x x crew Emergency procedures x x x x x x x x x x x x
Note: "X" indicates an area to be covered CATEGORY:
1 - Shippers and persons undertaking the responsibilities of shippers.
6 - Operator's staff accepting dangerous goods.
7 - Operator's staff accepting cargo or mail (other than dangerous goods).
8 - Operator's staff involved in the handling, storage and loading of cargo or mail and baggage.
9 - Passenger-handling staff.
10 - Flight crew members, loadmasters, load planners and flight operations officer/flight dispatcher.
11 - Crew members (other than flight crew members).
12 - Security staff who are involved with the screening of passengers and crew and their baggage and cargo or mail (e.g security screeners, their supervisors and staff involved in implementing security procedures)
FLIGHT SAFETY DOCUMENTS SYSTEM
